How banking back-end works and what are the main software do they use

February 5, 2023
ChatGPT in programming

Intro

Banking software has become an essential tool for financial institutions to manage their operations, from customer transactions to back-office functions. With the constant evolution of technology, banks are now able to offer new and improved services to their customers. In this article, we’ll be discussing the implementation of new bank offerings and some common terms used in the banking software industry.

Banking Software Terms

Core Banking System: A centralized software system that manages a bank’s day-to-day operations, including account management, loan processing, and transactions.

Digital Banking: A term used to describe the use of technology, such as mobile or online banking, to access financial services.

Payment Gateway: A software system that facilitates the transfer of funds between merchants and customers.

Anti-Money Laundering (AML): A set of laws and regulations aimed at preventing money laundering, a criminal activity where illegal proceeds are disguised as legitimate funds.

Know Your Customer (KYC): A due diligence process that financial institutions use to verify the identity of their customers and assess potential risks.

Checking Account: A type of bank account that allows for easy access to funds through checks or a debit card.

Savings Account: A type of bank account that earns interest and is intended for long-term savings.

Certificate of Deposit (CD): A type of savings account that offers a higher interest rate in exchange for the depositor agreeing to keep their funds in the account for a specified term.

Loan: A sum of money that is borrowed and must be repaid with interest.

Interest: The cost of borrowing money or the amount earned on a deposit.

Principal: The amount of money borrowed or the initial amount invested, not including interest.

Credit Score: A numerical representation of an individual’s creditworthiness, based on their credit history.

Credit Report: A record of an individual’s credit history, including information about their debts, payment history, and credit inquiries.

Debit Card: A payment card that deducts money directly from a checking account to pay for a purchase.

ATM: An automated teller machine that allows customers to withdraw cash, make deposits, or perform other transactions.

Online Banking: A service that allows customers to access their bank accounts and perform transactions through the internet.

Mobile Banking: A service that allows customers to access their bank accounts and perform transactions through a smartphone app.

Core Banking System

Core banking is the backbone of a financial institution’s operations and plays a critical role in managing customer accounts, transactions, and other core banking activities. A core banking system (CBS) is a centralized software platform that supports these activities and enables banks to provide seamless services to their customers.

A CBS typically uses a client-server architecture, where the client software runs on the bank’s computers, and the server software runs on a central server. This allows the CBS to handle transactions and customer data in a secure, centralized manner, while also providing access to customers through multiple channels, such as branches, ATMs, and digital channels.

Here are some of the key core banking modules:

Accounts Module: This module is responsible for managing customer accounts, including account creation, deposit and withdrawal transactions, and balance updates. It provides an interface for account holders to view their account information, and for bank employees to perform transactions on behalf of customers.

Loan Module: This module manages loan processing, including loan application, approval, disbursement, and repayment. It provides a complete view of a customer’s loan status, including outstanding balance, payment history, and late fees.

Payment Module: This module enables customers to make payments, such as utility bills, insurance premiums, and other types of payments. It also supports payment processing and reconciliation, as well as reporting and analytics.

Customer Management Module: This module manages customer information, including demographic data, contact information, and account information. It also provides tools for customer segmentation, targeted marketing, and customer relationship management.

Banking Operations Module: This module provides support for bank operations, including account reconciliation, cash management, and funds transfer. It also supports regulatory reporting, such as anti-money laundering (AML) and know your customer (KYC) reporting.

Reporting Module: This module provides a comprehensive view of the bank’s operations, including financial and non-financial information. It supports a wide range of reports, including account balances, transaction history, loan portfolio, and customer information.

Security Module: This module is responsible for maintaining the security and integrity of customer and bank data. It implements security measures, such as encryption, authentication, and access control, to protect sensitive information.

Digital Banking Module: This module supports digital banking services, such as mobile and online banking, allowing customers to access banking services through their smartphones or computers.

These modules can be integrated to form a comprehensive CBS that supports all aspects of a financial institution’s core banking operations. Developers can work on customizing and extending these modules to meet the specific needs of a bank or its customers.

Implementing New Bank Offerings

The implementation of new bank offerings requires careful planning and execution to ensure a smooth transition for both the bank and its customers. Here’s a sample implementation process:

Ideation: The first step is to identify a new offering that will meet customer needs and provide a competitive advantage for the bank.

Planning: Once the offering has been identified, a plan should be developed to outline the scope, timeline, and resources needed for implementation.

Development: During the development stage, the new offering should be built or integrated with the existing banking software.

Testing: Before the new offering is launched, it’s essential to thoroughly test it to ensure that it works as expected and meets all security and regulatory requirements.

Launch: The new offering is officially launched and made available to customers.

Monitoring: After the launch, it’s crucial to closely monitor the new offering to identify and resolve any issues that may arise.

Continuous Improvement: Based on customer feedback and usage patterns, the offering can be refined and improved over time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the implementation of new bank offerings requires a comprehensive approach that involves careful planning, development, and monitoring. With the right process and technology, banks can offer innovative and improved services to their customers, driving growth and increasing customer satisfaction.